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Nor were they to imitate their ancestors,
    a stubborn and rebellious generation,
a generation whose heart[a] was not steadfast
    and whose spirit was unfaithful to God.
[b]The Ephraimites, who were skilled archers,
    fled in terror on the day of battle.[c]
10 They failed to keep God’s covenant
    and refused to live in accord with his law.

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Footnotes

  1. Psalm 78:8 Heart: see note on Ps 4:8.
  2. Psalm 78:9 The psalmist stresses that the northern kingdom, in which Ephraim had the lead, has been unfaithful to the covenant (a theme of the prophets Amos and Hosea). It constitutes the last in a series of infidelities committed by Israel.
  3. Psalm 78:9 There is no record of flight from battle on the part of the Ephraimites; it may be a metaphor for Ephraim’s failure to keep the covenant.